If you are on a hunt for a new job, employers will first judge you based on your resume. Your references are a key ingredient in your resume. I recommend providing references when you send in your resume. If you opt against that, I would bring them with me to the interview. Make it easier for the employer to consider bringing you onto the team.
First, who do you add as a reference? Former employers are an obvious choice. This includes supervisors and colleagues. If you are part of a professional or trade organization and are known by business associates there, they would be a suitable choice.
Avoid family members. Friends would be okay in my opinion, but only as a last resort. You are looking for individuals that can confirm specific skills that will be used in the job you are in pursuit for.
How should you format references on your resume? I found this graphic which shows a simple but effective format. Remember, if these are coming in on a second sheet of paper remember to label your personal information at the top of the page, consistent with your resume. You don't want your references to get lost in a stack and be unidentifiable.
Extra points: I recently hired for a position and the candidate that got the job not only had references that gave great feedback to verify skills but had online reviews on her personal LinkedIn profile. While this wasn't a deciding factor for offering employment, it certainly made her stand out above the rest.
Speaking of LinkedIn, if you have personal information online, keep it updated. I can tell you with certainty that employers are looking online to see what they can find out about you.
Tell the truth: This speaks for itself. Major employers will do a thorough background check and verify your resume information. Don't stretch the truth. Credentials are important. Personal skills and characteristics are more important.
Above and beyond: Looking for a modern way to wow employers. Check this out. A QR code (quick response) with a video testimonial of a reference.
Have job search questions? Send them my way. I have interviewed more than 100 candidates and seen hundreds of resumes. Happy Job Hunting!